How to Clean Steel: Complete Guide

Key Highlights

Here's a quick look at what you'll learn in this guide. Keeping your steel utensils shiny is easier than you think!

• For daily cleaning, use warm water, gentle dish soap, and a soft cloth.
• Tackle tough stains with a simple paste made from baking soda and water.
• Never use harsh abrasives like steel wool, as they can scratch the surface.
• A dedicated stainless steel cleaner can help polish and restore shine.
• Always dry your utensils thoroughly to prevent water spots and streaks.
• Knowing these simple tricks will help you clean stainless steel appliances and utensils effectively.

Understanding Stainless Steel: Why It Gets Stains & Marks

Stainless steel is known for being strong and durable, which is why it's a top choice for cookware and kitchen appliances. However, it's not completely immune to marks. Spills, fingerprints, and even water can leave behind residue, leading to discoloration. While stainless steel is designed to resist rust, certain conditions can cause spots to appear over time.

Understanding your utensils is the first step to proper care. Unlike aluminum, which can react differently with acidic foods and cleaning agents, stainless steel has a protective layer. However, this layer can be damaged. We'll explore what stainless steel is made of and why it sometimes gets those pesky stains.

What is stainless steel made of?

Stainless steel is primarily composed of iron, chromium, and varying amounts of nickel and manganese. The chromium content provides corrosion resistance, while nickel enhances its strength and durability. This unique blend makes stainless steel ideal for a variety of kitchen utensils and appliances.

Is stainless steel safe for food & water storage?

Yes, stainless steel is safe for food and water storage. It’s non-reactive, preventing contamination or altering the taste of stored items. Additionally, its durability and resistance to corrosion make it an ideal choice for maintaining hygiene in both home and commercial settings.

Why steel utensils get cloudy marks, rainbow stains & rust spots

Steel utensils can develop cloudy marks and rainbow stains due to various factors. One common reason is the reaction between metals and certain foods or cleaning products, leading to discoloration. Rust spots may appear if the utensils are exposed to moisture for too long or if they're not dried properly. Over time, scratches can also accumulate, which makes tarnishing more likely. Regular cleaning with appropriate methods can help maintain the utensil's shine and prevent these unwanted marks.

How to Clean Steel Utensils (Beginner-Friendly Methods)

Keeping your stainless steel cookware and utensils looking great doesn't require a lot of effort. For everyday cleaning, a few simple tools are all you need. A gentle approach with dish soap and warm water is usually enough to remove daily grime and food particles, keeping your items sparkling.

Using a soft cloth or sponge with soapy water is the most effective and safest method for regular maintenance. After washing, a quick rinse and a thorough dry with a clean cloth will prevent water spots and keep your stainless steel shining. Let’s look at the best daily routine and the tools you should use.

Daily cleaning routine

The easiest way to clean stainless steel utensils at home is with a simple, consistent daily routine. Don't let food sit on your cookware or flatware for too long, as acids and salts can damage the finish. A quick wash after each meal is the best way to keep them in top condition.

Mix a little dish soap with warm water to create a sudsy solution. Use a soft sponge or cloth to gently scrub the utensils. This is typically all you need to remove food residue without causing any harm to the steel's surface.

For a perfect finish, follow these simple steps:

• Wash as soon as possible after use.
• Use warm water and a mild dish soap.
• Scrub gently with a sponge or soft cloth.
• Rinse thoroughly to remove all soap.
• Dry completely with a clean cloth to prevent spots.

Best soaps & tools for stainless steel

When cleaning your stainless steel, choosing the right products is key to avoiding damage. The safest and most effective cleaning products are often the simplest. A mild dish soap is your best friend for daily washing, as it cuts through grease without being too harsh on the metal's finish.

For tools, always opt for something soft. A microfiber cloth is an excellent choice because it cleans effectively without leaving lint or causing scratches. A soft sponge is another great option. If you encounter tougher stains, a specialized stainless steel cleaner can be used, but always check that it is food-safe for utensils.

Here are the best tools for the job:

• Mild dish soap: Gentle and effective for daily cleaning.
• Microfiber cloth: Perfect for washing and drying without streaks.
• Soft sponge: A good alternative for scrubbing away food.
• Food-safe stainless steel cleaner: For occasional deep cleaning and polishing.

What NOT to use on steel (to prevent scratches)

To clean steel utensils without scratching them, you must avoid abrasive materials and harsh chemicals. The biggest mistake people make is grabbing a steel wool pad. While it seems tough enough for stuck-on food, it will leave a network of fine scratches on the surface of your appliance or utensil, permanently dulling its shine.

Similarly, abrasive powdered cleaners can act like sandpaper on the finish. You should also steer clear of cleaners containing chlorine or bleach, as these harsh chemicals can stain and damage the protective layer of stainless steel. Always remember to clean with the striations (grain), not against them.

To keep your steel pristine, avoid the following:

• Steel wool or scrubbing pads: These are too abrasive and will cause scratches.
• Gritty or abrasive cleaners: They can wear down the finish.
• Bleach or chlorine-based cleaners: These can cause discoloration and damage.
• Oven cleaner: This is far too harsh for stainless steel surfaces.

How to Clean Stainless Steel Utensils (Deep Cleaning Methods)

Sometimes, your stainless steel needs more than a quick wash. For tough stains, burnt-on food, or a general loss of shine, a deep cleaning session can restore your utensils. Many effective deep cleaning methods use common household items you probably already have, like baking soda, vinegar, and lemon.

These methods are great for tackling everything from rust spots to heat discoloration. Whether you create a simple paste or use a soaking solution, these techniques can help you clean stainless steel appliances and cookware until they look brand new. Let’s explore some of these powerful, homemade solutions.

Baking Soda Cleaning Method

A fantastic way to clean stainless steel is by using baking soda. Simply mix a little baking soda with water to create a paste. Gently rub the paste onto the surface of your steel item using a soft cloth or sponge. Focus on areas with stains or fingerprints, following the direction of the grain. After scrubbing, rinse with warm water and dry with a clean cloth. This method not only removes dirt but also leaves your stainless steel looking shiny and fresh!

Vinegar Cleaning Method

For a sparkling clean, vinegar is a fantastic choice. Mix equal parts of white vinegar and water in a spray bottle. Spray the solution onto the stainless steel surface, then wipe with a soft cloth or microfiber towel, making sure to follow the direction of the grain. This method effectively removes fingerprints and streaks, leaving a shine. Rinse with warm water afterward, and dry with a clean cloth to prevent water stains. Enjoy your gleaming stainless steel!

Lemon & Salt Scrub Method

Combining lemon and salt creates a natural scrub that effectively removes stains and grime from steel surfaces. Start by cutting a lemon in half and sprinkling salt on the cut side. Gently rub it over the stained areas, allowing the acidity and abrasiveness to lift dirt without scratching. Rinse the surface with warm water and dry it with a soft cloth. This method not only cleans but also leaves a fresh scent, making it a popular choice for maintaining stainless steel cookware and utensils.

Hot Water + Detergent Soak

For an effective cleaning solution, combining hot water with a mild detergent is a great approach. Start by filling your container or sink with hot water, then add a few drops of dish soap. Submerge your stainless steel utensils and allow them to soak for 15 to 30 minutes. This method helps lift stubborn stains, grease, and residues. After soaking, use a soft cloth or sponge to wipe the surface, rinsing thoroughly to leave your utensils spotlessly clean and ready for use.

Cleaning burnt steel utensils

Cleaning burnt steel utensils doesn’t have to be a headache. Start by soaking the cookware in warm water mixed with a bit of dish soap. Let it sit for at least 15 minutes. This helps loosen the burnt bits. For tougher stains, a paste made from baking soda and water works wonders. Apply it, scrub gently with a soft cloth or sponge, and rinse well. This simple method revives your beloved utensils, keeping them shiny and ready for your next meal.

How to Remove Stains from Steel Utensils (All Types of Stains)

Different kinds of stains require different solutions. From yellow turmeric marks to stubborn rust spots, knowing how to tackle each one will keep your utensils looking their best. Common household cleaning products or simple pantry items are often all you need to restore the shine to your favorite kitchen appliance or cutlery.

Whether you're dealing with water stains left over from washing or discoloration from cooking, there's a simple fix. With the right technique, you can lift these marks and polish your steel back to its original luster. Let's get into the specifics for removing all types of stains.

Remove turmeric stains

Turmeric can leave stubborn stains on steel utensils, but don’t worry! Create a paste using baking soda and a bit of water. Apply this mixture directly to the stained area and let it sit for about 15 minutes. Gently scrub with a soft cloth or sponge, following the direction of the grain. Rinse thoroughly with warm water and dry with a clean cloth. For tough stains, repeating this process usually does the trick, bringing back your utensils’ shine.

Remove oil stains

Oil stains can be pesky, but they're easy to tackle! Start by making a paste with baking soda and water. Apply this paste directly to the stain and let it sit for about 15 minutes. Gently scrub in the direction of the grain using a soft cloth or sponge. Rinse with warm water and dry with a clean cloth. If needed, finish off with a little olive oil to polish and shine your stainless steel surface. Your utensils will look as good as new!

Remove water spots

Removing water spots from stainless steel can be quick and easy! Start by mixing equal parts white vinegar and water in a spray bottle. Spray the solution on the affected area and wipe it with a soft cloth. Always wipe in the direction of the grain to avoid scratches. For tougher spots, sprinkle a little baking soda on the damp cloth, and gently rub the area. Rinse with warm water and dry thoroughly to keep your stainless steel looking shiny and new!

Remove burnt stains

To remove burnt stains from steel utensils, start by making a paste of baking soda and water. Apply this paste directly to the stained area and let it sit for about 15-30 minutes. Gently scrub with a soft cloth or sponge, always following the direction of the grain. For stubborn stains, a bit of white vinegar can enhance the cleaning process. Once done, rinse with warm water, and dry thoroughly to avoid water stains. Your utensils will look as good as new!

Remove rust/ferric stains

Rust and ferric stains on stainless steel can be pesky, but they are manageable! Start by making a baking soda paste with water and gently rub it onto the stained area using a soft cloth or sponge, following the direction of the grain. For tougher stains, try a mixture of vinegar and baking soda. These natural cleaners work wonders without harsh chemicals. After scrubbing, rinse thoroughly with warm water and dry with a clean cloth to prevent future staining.

Remove food smell from steel utensils

Odors from food can linger on steel utensils, but there are easy ways to eliminate these smells. A popular choice is to make a paste using baking soda and water. Apply it to the utensils, let it sit for a few minutes, then scrub with a soft cloth or sponge before rinsing thoroughly. Using a bit of vinegar can also help; just wipe down the utensils with a vinegar-soaked cloth, and rinse well. This should leave your stainless steel smelling fresh and clean!

How to Clean Stainless Steel Water Bottles (Inside & Outside)

Stainless steel water bottles are a fantastic reusable option, but they need regular cleaning to stay fresh and hygienic. Bacteria and mold can build up inside if they aren't washed properly. While some bottles are dishwasher safe, hand washing is often recommended to protect the exterior finish and ensure the inside gets truly clean.

Using simple cleaning products like dish soap, baking soda, or vinegar can effectively clean both the inside and the outside surface of your appliance. A good cleaning routine will remove any lingering smells and ensure your water always tastes pure. Let’s review the best ways to keep your bottle sparkling clean.

Cleaning the inside of a steel bottle

To clean the inside of a steel bottle, start by filling it with warm water and a few drops of dish soap. Let it soak for about 15 minutes. Use a sponge or a soft cloth to reach the bottom and sides, making sure to clean all surfaces. For stubborn spots or residue, try adding a tablespoon of baking soda, shake it, and let it sit for another 10 minutes before rinsing thoroughly. Ensure it's completely dry before sealing it again.

Cleaning the bottle mouth, lid & straw

Keeping the mouth, lid, and straw of your steel bottle clean is essential for both hygiene and taste. Start by using warm soapy water and a soft cloth or sponge to wipe these areas. For tougher spots, a baking soda paste can work wonders; just apply it, let it sit briefly, then scrub gently. Don't forget to rinse thoroughly afterward. A microfiber cloth ensures a streak-free shine. Regular cleaning prevents mold and unpleasant smells, keeping your beverage experience fresh!

Removing smell from stainless steel bottles

Keeping your stainless steel bottles fresh can be easy. Start by filling the bottle with warm water and adding a few teaspoons of baking soda. Let it sit for several hours or overnight, then give it a good shake. Rinse well with clean water. For stubborn smells, try filling the bottle with a mix of vinegar and water, letting it sit for an hour before rinsing. A soft cloth can help wipe the sides to eliminate any lingering odors.

Removing mold from a water bottle

Mold in a water bottle can be worrying, but it's easy to clean. Start by mixing equal parts warm water and white vinegar. Pour this mixture into the bottle and let it sit for about 30 minutes. Afterward, use a soft cloth or a bottle brush to scrub the inside, paying attention to any crevices. Rinse thoroughly with hot water, ensuring no residue remains. For stubborn mold, a baking soda paste can work wonders. Regular cleaning will keep your bottle fresh and mold-free!

Best natural cleaners for steel bottles

Natural cleaners for steel bottles are gentle yet effective. A popular choice is a blend of warm water and vinegar, which helps eliminate odors and residue. Baking soda mixed with water creates a paste that safely scrubs away stubborn stains. For a fresh scent, try lemon juice or club soda. Just apply these solutions with a clean cloth or sponge, and rinse well. These options are safe for both your bottle and the environment, making cleaning simple and enjoyable!

Are Stainless Steel Water Bottles Safe?

Many people wonder about the safety of stainless steel water bottles, and the good news is that they are an exceptionally safe choice. Made from food-grade material, these bottles are durable and designed to prevent harmful substances from getting into your water. They are a significant upgrade from plastic bottles, which can have safety concerns.

Unlike some plastics, high-quality stainless steel does not leach chemicals into its contents. It’s a stable, non-reactive material that won't leave behind any residue or metallic taste. This makes them a reliable and healthy way to stay hydrated throughout the day. Let's look closer at the benefits and safety aspects.

BPA-free & toxin-free benefits

Using BPA-free and toxin-free materials in steel bottles ensures safety for you and your family. These bottles prevent harmful chemicals from leaching into your drinks, which can happen with lower-quality plastics. By choosing healthier options, like stainless steel, you enjoy peace of mind knowing your beverages stay pure. Additionally, these materials are durable and reduce the need for frequent replacements, making them a smart, eco-friendly choice. Embracing BPA-free products contributes to a cleaner environment and a healthier lifestyle.

Can steel bottles cause metal leaching?

Yes, steel bottles can potentially cause metal leaching, especially if they are of lower quality or not properly lined. Factors like prolonged exposure to acidic substances and high temperatures may increase the risk. Choosing food-grade stainless steel minimizes this concern significantly.

Is hot water safe in steel bottles?

Hot water is generally safe in stainless steel bottles, especially those designed for high temperatures. However, prolonged exposure can weaken the structure or lead to damage if the bottle isn't rated for hot liquids. Always check manufacturer guidelines to ensure safety.

Differences between 201, 304 & 316 grade steel

Understanding the differences between steel grades can help you choose the right material for your needs. 201 grade steel is often used for its affordability but may lack corrosion resistance. On the other hand, 304 grade steel is a popular choice for kitchen items, as it resists rust while being strong and durable. For harsh environments, 316 grade steel offers the best protection against corrosion, especially from saltwater. Choosing the right grade can significantly impact performance and longevity.

Disadvantages of Stainless Steel Water Bottles

While stainless steel water bottles have many benefits, they aren't without a few downsides. For one, they can be heavier and more expensive than their plastic counterparts. They can also get dents if you drop them, which can sometimes impact their insulation capabilities.

Some users also report a faint metallic smell, especially when the bottle is new, and not all bottles are dishwasher safe, requiring more effort to clean. Understanding these potential disadvantages can help you decide if a stainless steel bottle is the right choice for your lifestyle. Let's look at these issues in more detail.

Can steel react with certain liquids?

Yes, steel can react with certain liquids, especially acidic or alkaline substances. This reaction may lead to corrosion or leaching of metals into the liquid, potentially affecting the taste and safety of stored food or beverages. Always check compatibility with specific liquids before use.

Heat retention (pros & cons)

Heat retention in steel has its ups and downs. On the plus side, steel bottles keep your drinks hot or cold for longer, making them great for travel or outdoor activities. However, this can lead to burns if the bottle gets too hot. Additionally, while some folks love how steel holds heat, it can also result in unwanted temperature changes for beverages left too long. Finding a balance between performance and safety is key when choosing your steel items.

Not dishwasher-safe issues

Some steel bottles and utensils aren't dishwasher-safe, which can lead to damage over time. High temperatures and harsh detergents may cause discoloration or weakening of the metal. Instead, opt for gentle cleaning methods like warm water with dish soap and a soft cloth. This keeps your items looking nice and lasting longer. Proper care ensures your steel stays free from rust and maintains its shine, making it a popular choice for all your kitchen needs!

Metallic smell (why it happens)

Metallic smells from stainless steel often stem from the interaction between food, water, and the metal itself. When storage or cleaning isn't perfect, residues can lead to this odor. Factors such as salty foods or acidic substances may react with the steel, creating a faint metallic scent. To combat this, using natural cleaners like baking soda or vinegar can neutralize odors effectively. Regular cleaning ensures that leftover flavors are removed, keeping your stainless steel utensils fresh and pleasant.

Scratches & dents over time

Over time, scratches and dents can appear on stainless steel surfaces due to regular use and care. These imperfections can be especially visible on stainless steel appliances, cookware, and bottles. To minimize their appearance, always clean with a soft cloth or sponge, following the direction of the grain. Using a stainless steel cleaner can help restore shine. A gentle polish with baby oil or olive oil on a microfiber cloth can provide an additional layer of protection against future scratches and keep your items looking great!

Best Practices for Maintaining Steel Utensils & Bottles

Proper maintenance is the key to keeping your stainless steel looking new for years to come. This goes beyond just basic cleaning. Simple habits, like drying utensils promptly and storing them correctly, can make a huge difference in preventing stains and damage.

Occasional polishing can also restore that brilliant, factory-fresh shine. You don't need expensive products; simple items like baby oil or club soda can work wonders. By following a few best practices, you can ensure your steel appliance and utensils remain a beautiful part of your kitchen.

How to avoid stains in the future

To keep stainless steel utensils looking new, always dry them immediately after washing. Use a soft cloth for drying to prevent water stains. Store your cookware in a cool, dry place to avoid moisture buildup. It's smart to avoid stacking steel items directly; instead, use cloth between them. Regularly polishing with baby oil or olive oil can help create a barrier that makes future cleaning easier. Simple habits now will keep your steel shining bright and free from stains!

How to store steel properly

Proper storage of steel utensils and appliances helps maintain their durability and shine. Always keep them in a cool, dry place to prevent moisture accumulation, which can lead to rust. Using a soft cloth between stacked items helps avoid scratches and keeps surfaces clean. For larger cookware, consider hanging them or using a designated rack, ensuring air circulation. Avoid overcrowding your storage space to make cleaning and accessing items easy. This simple approach will help your steel pieces last longer and stay in great shape.

How to prevent mold and smell in bottles

Keeping your bottles fresh and smell-free is simple. Always rinse your steel bottle with warm water right after use. A small amount of dish soap can help remove any lingering odor. For deep cleaning, use a baking soda paste or vinegar solution, scrubbing the inside with a soft cloth or sponge. It's essential to let your bottle dry completely before sealing it. Finally, store your bottle in a cool, dry place to keep mold at bay and maintain freshness.

Polishing methods for long-lasting shine

A soft cloth or microfiber cloth works wonders for polishing stainless steel. Using a small amount of baby oil or olive oil on the cloth can enhance the shine. Wipe in the direction of the grain for the best results, removing fingerprints and smudges. For a deeper clean, combine baking soda with water to create a paste. This gentle method not only polishes but also protects the surface from rust and discoloration, ensuring your stainless steel remains bright and beautiful.

Common Mistakes to Avoid When Cleaning Stainless Steel

While stainless steel is tough, it's not immune to damage from improper cleaning. Many common mistakes can lead to scratches, stains, and a dull finish. Using the wrong tools, like steel wool, or the wrong cleaner can permanently harm the surface of your beautiful utensils and appliances.

Knowing what not to do is just as important as knowing the right way to clean. By avoiding a few key errors, you can prevent unnecessary damage and keep your stainless steel looking its best. Let's cover the most frequent mistakes people make.

Using harsh chemicals

Using harsh chemicals on stainless steel can cause more harm than good. These strong cleaners may strip away the protective layer, leading to rust or discoloration. Instead, opt for gentle alternatives like mild dish soap and warm water. For tough stains, a baking soda paste is often a popular choice. Always remember to use a soft cloth or sponge, wiping in the direction of the grain. This way, your stainless steel will stay shiny and beautiful for years to come!

Using steel wool scratch pads

Using steel wool scratch pads can effectively tackle stubborn stains on stainless steel. However, caution is key; opting for fine-grade steel wool helps prevent scratches on your cookware and appliances. Gently scrub in the direction of the grain to maintain the surface's integrity. After cleaning, rinse thoroughly with warm water and follow up with a soft cloth to dry. This approach not only keeps your stainless steel utensils sparkling but also prolongs their durability, making cleanup a breeze.

Letting water sit for long

Water left sitting in steel containers can lead to unwanted stains and rust spots. This happens because moisture can corrode the surface of the steel, especially if minerals or impurities are present. To prevent this, always dry your steel utensils immediately after washing. Using a soft cloth or microfiber towel is a good way to wipe off any remaining moisture. Staying mindful of how long water sits can help keep your steel items looking clean and shiny.

Mixing acids and detergents

Combining acids and detergents can be risky when cleaning steel. Acids, such as vinegar or lemon juice, work great for removing tough stains. However, when mixed with regular detergents, they can create harmful reactions that reduce the cleaner's effectiveness. For a safe approach, try using one at a time. Start with a baking soda paste for grime and follow up with a diluted vinegar rinse for a sparkling finish. This keeps your steel clean without compromising your health.

Recommended Products & Tools for Cleaning Stainless Steel

Choosing the right products and tools is essential for effective and safe stainless steel cleaning. You don't need a cabinet full of expensive cleaning products; many of the best options are simple, affordable, and might already be in your pantry. From natural options like baking soda to specialized polishes, the right tool makes all the difference.

Whether you're doing a quick daily wipe-down or a deep clean to restore shine, having a few go-to items on hand will make the job much easier. Here are some of the most highly recommended products and tools for keeping your stainless steel in perfect condition.

Natural cleaners (lemon, vinegar, baking soda)

Lemon, vinegar, and baking soda are fantastic natural cleaners for your steel items. Lemon's acidity helps cut through grime and freshens up surfaces, while vinegar is great for removing stubborn stains. Baking soda is a popular choice as a gentle abrasive, working well on tough spots without scratching. Create a baking soda paste with warm water for extra cleaning power. Simply apply these natural substances with a soft cloth or sponge to keep your stainless steel shining bright!

Safe dishwashing liquids

Choosing safe dishwashing liquids is vital for maintaining the quality of your steel utensils. Look for products labeled as “non-toxic” and “biodegradable.” Avoid strong chemicals that can cause rust or discoloration. A popular choice among many is a gentle dish soap made from plant-based ingredients. You can also create a simple solution using warm water and vinegar. Regardless of your choice, always rinse thoroughly to remove any residue, ensuring your steel cookware remains shiny and safe for food use.

FAQ's On How to Clean Steel

Why does my steel bottle smell?

A steel bottle usually smells because of bacterial buildup from leftover water, sweat, or beverages. If the bottle stays closed for long hours, moisture creates odor. Cleaning it daily with warm water and mild soap and keeping it open to dry helps prevent the smell.

How often should I clean my steel bottle?

Clean your steel bottle every day, especially if you use it for water, juices, or flavored drinks. Deep clean it once a week using baking soda or vinegar. Regular cleaning prevents odor, bacteria growth, and staining, helping the bottle stay safe and hygienic.

Can stainless steel utensils rust?

Stainless steel can rust in rare cases if exposed to salty water, harsh chemicals, or moisture for long periods. Poor-quality steel also rusts faster. High-grade stainless steel like 304 or 316 is more resistant, but proper cleaning and drying help prevent rust formation.

How do I remove yellow stains from steel?

Yellow stains usually appear from heat, minerals in water, or oxidation. You can remove them using a paste of baking soda and water or by soaking the steel item in warm vinegar for a few minutes. Rinse well and dry completely to prevent stains from returning.

Can I use bleach on steel?

Avoid using bleach on stainless steel because it can damage the protective layer, cause discoloration, and lead to corrosion. Instead, use mild soap, baking soda, or diluted vinegar for cleaning. These options safely remove stains without harming the steel surface.

Why does steel turn rainbow-colored after heating?

Rainbow coloring appears due to heat oxidation, where the steel reacts with oxygen at high temperatures. This creates a thin oxide layer that reflects light in different colors. It is harmless and can be removed using vinegar or a gentle stainless steel cleaner.